Who, whom og whose?
Ledsætninger begynder med et stedord, der står i stedet for et navneord. Det kender vi fra stedordene “som” og “der”, der indleder ledsætninger – i engelsk med which/that afhængigt af, om der er tale om en parentetisk eller en definerende ledsætning. Stedordet repræsenterer det navneord, det er ’pladsholder’ for.
Men hvordan er det, hvis naveordet er en person? I sætningen It took me a while to get used the staff who always seemed to be bussy er who pladsholder for staff. Who, whose og whom bruges, når stedordet er en person.
Who bruges som stedord, når det står som grundled i ledsætningen og referer til en person (som i eksemplet i ledsætningen ovenfor (who always seemed to be bussy).
Whom (= “hvem”) bruges, når stedordet står som genstandsled (fx The professor whom I respect recently received tenuere) eller efter et forholdsled (fx The doctor for whom you were waiting has arrived).
Whose (= ”hvis”) er det eneste ejestedord (possesive pronomen) i engelsk. Whose kan peget tilbage til både mennesker (fx. The family whose child was admitted with cerebral pals was immediately given a complimentary suite at the patient hospital) og til ting (fx. The dissertation whose author was employed at our institution has become widely known).
Hvad kan du gøre?
Hvis du er i tvivl om, hvilken form du skal bruge, så lave en enkel test: Kan du erstatte stedordet med he (”han”), she (”hun”) eller they (”dem”), skal du bruge who. Hvis du kan erstatte stedordet med replace it with him (“ham”), her (“hende”), eller them (”dem”), skal du bruge whom. Kan du erstatte stedordet med his (”hans”), her (”hendes”) eller their (”dens/dets/deres”), skal du bruge whose.
Øvelse
Indsæt det rigtige stedord i følgende sætninger:
- The PhD student could not remember the name of the professor ___ scientific project received the prize
- I know exactly ____ I am going to interview for this study
- That is the professor ___ produced 12 papers every year for a decade
- Please tell me the names of the people ___ participated in this trial
- The building is named after the man ___ scientific research in neurology was seminal
- To ___ did you give the permission to conduct the study
Svarmuligheder
1) Whose, 2) Whom, 3) Who, 4) Who, 5) Whose, 6) Whom