Brug stedord for at skrive kort og klart
Undgå gentagelser af sætningsled og fagord; brug i stedet for stedord (it, they, which/that eller who), hvor det er muligt. Dårligt: The symptom caused by the underlying disease is evident from the high mortality rate of the underlying disease. Godt: The symptoms caused by the underlying disease is evident from its high mortality rate.
Teksten bliver ofte kortere og lettere at læse, hvis man bruger stedord frem for at gentage de samme ord og vendinger for mange gange. Det gælder inden for sætninger som i det førte eksempel, hvor it ”står i stedet for” an underlying disease.
Det er også godt at bruge stedord for at undgå for meget gentagelse på tværs af sætninger: Dårligt: The new system features three innovative tools. Of these tools, one is for clinicians, one is for patients, and one is for researchers. Godt: The new system features three innovative tools: one for clinicians, one for patients, and one for researchers.
Det er vigtigt kun at bruge stedord, hvor det er helt entydigt, hvad det er, stedordet refererer til – som i det følgende eksempel, hvor det personlige stedord (they) er grundled: The patients were admitted to hospital. They were discharged after 24 hours. Eller her, hvor det henførende stedord (this) er grundled: The patient was admitted in a serious condition. This worried his spouse. Bemærk at this peger tilbage til hele sætningen.
Her er der et eksempel, hvor referencen ikke er entydig: Dårligt: Patients with a latent infection may need to be monitored because they are at risk of developing the active form of the disease. This diminishes over time. Her er ikke klart, om this peger tilbage til hele sætningen eller til et bestemt navneord (fx infection eller risk). Det skal derfor ændres. Enten ved indsætte et navneord, så this bliver til et tillægsord: Patients with a latent infection may need to be monitored because they are at risk of developing the active form of the disease. This risk diminishes over time. Eller ved at præcisere, hvad grundleddet er: Patients with a latent infection may need to be monitored because they are at risk of developing the active form of the disease. The need to monitor these patients diminishes over time.
Hvad kan du gøre?
Se om der er ord og vendinger i din tekst, der kan erstattes af stedord; men husk at det skal være helt entydigt, hvilke ord eller led, stedordene henviser til. Brug aldrig this til at peget tilbage til et navneord!
Øvelse
1. Find stedordet: Our study was designed to enrol more cohortees than the first study performed in this field. It tested the effect of two different drugs. 1a. Omskriv så it-sætningen referererer til our study. 1b. Omskriv så it-sætningen referererer til the first study:
2. Hvad henviser it til? The peritoneum was not opened and the ureter was identified as it crossed the pelvic brim. It was markedly dilated and had a bluish appearance. 2.a Vil du ændre it til navneord; I så fald hvilket?
Svarmuligheder:
1a. Testing the effect of two different drugs, our study was designed to enrol more cohortees than the first study performed in this field. 1b. Our study was designed to enrol more cohortees than the first study performed in this field, which tested the effect of two different drugs.
2.it henviser til urether; ja, det andet it bør ændres til et navneord (ureter): The peritoneum was not opened and the ureter was identified as it crossed the pelvic brim. The ureter was markedly dilated and had a bluish appearance.
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Morten Pilegaard
Ejer af Vidkom
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